medical

Cor Pulmonale Cor pulmonale is right ventricular hypertrophy and dilation associ ated with pulmonary hypertension. Increased resistance to flow into the pulmonary arteries or arterioles results in pressure over load on the right ventricle with subsequent compensatory hyper trophy. In addition to increased resistance within the pulmonary vessels, hypoxia, acidosis, and hypercapnia contribute to pulmo nary vasoconstriction. Cor pulmonale may occur in the setting of lung parenchymal disease, pulmonary vascular disease, congenital heart disease, or impaired mobility of the thorax (Table 11-8). Cor pulmonale may be acute or chronic. Acute cor pulmonale is the sudden occurrence of pulmonary hypertension, which most often occurs in the setting of massive pulmonary emboli. Chronic cor pulmonale, in contrast, is much more common and is often associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmo nary fibrosis. Grossly, the right ventricle is hypertrophic with a wall thick ness o...

Classification of Congenital Heart Disease Initial left-to-right shunt Ventricular septal defect Atrial septal defect Patent ductus arteriosus Persistent truncus arteriosus Anomalous pulmonary venous drainage Hypoplastic left heart syndrome Right-to-left shunt Tetralogy of Fallot Tricuspid atresia No shunt Complete transposition of the great vessels Coarctation of the aorta Pulmonary stenosis Aortic stenosis Coronary artery origin from pulmonary artery Ebstein malformation Complete heart block Endocardial fibroelastosis